{"id":2128,"date":"2009-07-17T14:33:22","date_gmt":"2009-07-17T13:33:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/?p=2128"},"modified":"2009-07-17T14:33:22","modified_gmt":"2009-07-17T13:33:22","slug":"relationship-between-self-esteem-and-smoking-behavior-among-japanese-early-adolescents-initial-results-from-a-three-year-study","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/2009\/07\/relationship-between-self-esteem-and-smoking-behavior-among-japanese-early-adolescents-initial-results-from-a-three-year-study\/","title":{"rendered":"Relationship Between Self- Esteem and Smoking Behavior Among Japanese Early Adolescents: Initial Results from a Three-Year Study"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\"><span>Researchers examined the relationship between self-esteem and smoking behavior among Japanese elementary and junior high school students.\u00a0 Students (2090) in fourth to ninth grade from three elementary schools and two junior high schools in the Hyogo and Nigata prefectures completed an anonymous questionnaire.\u00a0 Self-esteem was measured using the Harter Perceived Competence Scale, the Pope Self-Esteem Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.\u00a0 Results indicate that never-smokers had higher cognitive, family and global self-esteem, but lower physical self-esteem than ever-smokers.\u00a0 Grade and gender were significantly associated with self-esteem, showing a decrease of self-esteem with increases in grade and a higher level of self-esteem among boys than girls.\u00a0 The results suggest that effective smoking prevention programs for Japanese early adolescents should be integrated into more comprehensive health education or health promotion programs including self-esteem enhancement training.<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\"><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8216;Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Smoking Behavior Among Japanese early Adolescents:<\/span><\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\"><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Initial Results from a Three-Year Study,\u201d Journal of School Health Source Id: 69(7).280-284, 1999<\/span><\/span><\/em><br \/>\n<em><span style=\"font-family: Verdana;\"><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Authors: Kawabata, T., Cross, D., Nishioka, N., Shimai, S. 16 Nov. 1999<\/span><\/span><\/em><br \/>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a name=\"TeenSmokingDown\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Researchers examined the relationship between self-esteem and smoking behavior among Japanese elementary and junior high school students.\u00a0 Students (2090) in fourth to ninth grade from three elementary schools and two junior high schools in the Hyogo and Nigata prefectures completed an anonymous questionnaire.\u00a0 Self-esteem was measured using the Harter Perceived Competence Scale, the Pope Self-Esteem [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,61],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2128","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nicotine","category-youth"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2128"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2128\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2128"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drugprevent.org.uk\/ppp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}